Fauci A S, Macher A M, Longo D L, Lane H C, Rook A H, Masur H, Gelmann E P
Ann Intern Med. 1984 Jan;100(1):92-106. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-100-1-92.
The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is a new disease whose cause is unknown but is almost surely due to a transmissible agent, most likely a virus. The disease is clearly spread by sexual contact, particularly homosexual activity. Blood-borne transmission constitutes the other major recognized form of spread of the disease, although it is highly likely that the disease is not readily spread through casual, nonsexual, non-blood-borne routes. Although the disease is still highly concentrated in the United States, it is now seen in several countries throughout the world. The common denominator of the disease is a profound suppression of cell-mediated immunity, specifically a quantitative and qualitative defect in the T4 inducer or helper subset of T lymphocytes. Hyperactivity of B lymphocytes is also characteristic. The clinical manifestations are those of severe and life-threatening opportunistic infections and unusual neoplasms, particularly Kaposi's sarcoma. The mortality may well approach 100%, making this one of the most extraordinary transmissible diseases in history.
获得性免疫缺陷综合征是一种病因不明的新疾病，但几乎可以肯定是由一种可传播的病原体引起的，很可能是一种病毒。这种疾病显然通过性接触传播，尤其是同性恋活动。血液传播是该疾病另一种主要的公认传播方式，不过该疾病很可能不容易通过偶然的、非性的、非血液传播的途径传播。尽管这种疾病在美国仍然高度集中，但现在在世界上的几个国家都能见到。该疾病的共同特征是细胞介导免疫的严重抑制，特别是T淋巴细胞的T4诱导或辅助亚群存在数量和质量上的缺陷。B淋巴细胞的过度活跃也是其特征之一。临床表现为严重的、危及生命的机会性感染和罕见肿瘤，尤其是卡波西肉瘤。死亡率很可能接近100%，这使其成为历史上最特殊的可传播疾病之一。
