Rabinowitz L, Sarason R L, Tanasovich C, Mendel V E, Brockman R P
Am J Physiol. 1984 Feb;246(2 Pt 2):R197-204. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.1984.246.2.R197.
The effects on renal K excretion of 1 h intravenous infusion of glucagon, insulin, Na propionate, Na acetate, or NaHCO3 were studied in mature, conscious fasted ewes. These treatments were compared with the fasted state without treatment (control) and with feeding a single daily meal. Renal K excretion was increased by feeding and by Na propionate and Na acetate treatments but not by infusion of glucagon, insulin, and NaHCO3. Since hormone levels were elevated more by specific hormone infusions than by feeding or Na propionate infusions, these results do not support a role for glucagon and insulin in mediating the increases in renal K excretion that occurred after meals or during acetate and propionate infusions. The mechanisms responsible for the acetate- and propionate-induced kaliuresis are not clear but do not appear to include changes in plasma K (PK), glucagon, and insulin (Pinsulin) or in urine flow and urine Na excretion. However, a relation between insulin and K was observed during infusion of KCl in fasting sheep. Above a PK threshold of 4 meq/l, Pinsulin (ng/ml) = 1.52 PK (meq/l) - 5.89. In other experiments, K excretion increased after an intravenous bolus injection of 1 mg of glucagon, indicating that sheep, like humans and dogs, respond to pharmacologic doses of glucagon with kaliuresis.
在成熟、清醒的禁食母羊中，研究了静脉输注胰高血糖素、胰岛素、丙酸钠、乙酸钠或碳酸氢钠1小时对肾脏钾排泄的影响。将这些处理与未处理的禁食状态（对照）以及每日单次喂食进行比较。喂食以及丙酸钠和乙酸钠处理可增加肾脏钾排泄，但输注胰高血糖素、胰岛素和碳酸氢钠则无此作用。由于特定激素输注比喂食或丙酸钠输注使激素水平升高得更多，因此这些结果不支持胰高血糖素和胰岛素在介导餐后或乙酸盐和丙酸盐输注后肾脏钾排泄增加中起作用。乙酸盐和丙酸盐诱导尿钾增多的机制尚不清楚，但似乎不包括血浆钾（PK）、胰高血糖素和胰岛素（P胰岛素）的变化，也不包括尿流量和尿钠排泄的变化。然而，在禁食绵羊输注氯化钾期间观察到胰岛素与钾之间的关系。在PK阈值高于4 meq/l时，P胰岛素（ng/ml）= 1.52 PK（meq/l） - 5.89。在其他实验中，静脉推注1 mg胰高血糖素后钾排泄增加，表明绵羊与人类和狗一样，对药理剂量的胰高血糖素会产生尿钾增多反应。
