Nilsson C, Sundelin C, Vuille J C
Acta Paediatr Scand. 1976 Nov;65(6):663-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1976.tb17999.x.
Since 1969, 4-year-olds in the County of Uppsala have been offered extensive health screening at the Child Health Centres. In 1969 and 1970 a total of 3810 children underwent the screening procedure. The psychological screening instrument consisted of a questionnaire (to be answered by the parents), an interview of the parents, a psychomotor examination and an observation of the child's behaviour. 156 (4.1%) 4-year-olds were referred to a specialist team for investigation and decision concerning treatment. In the present study the effectiveness of the psychological screening instrument was assessed by its sensitivity, specificity and predictive value. The sensitivity was found to amount to a maximum of 0.73. The specificity was estimated to be 0.98-0.99, and the positive predictive value to 0.67. The authors consider the effectiveness to be sufficiently high to motivate continuation of the screening procedure for detection of psychological problems in pre-school age. Efforts should be made, however, to further improve the effectiveness.
自1969年以来，乌普萨拉县的4岁儿童可在儿童健康中心接受全面的健康筛查。1969年和1970年共有3810名儿童接受了筛查程序。心理筛查工具包括一份问卷（由父母回答）、对父母的访谈、心理运动检查以及对儿童行为的观察。156名（4.1%）4岁儿童被转介到专家团队进行调查并决定治疗方案。在本研究中，通过其敏感性、特异性和预测价值评估了心理筛查工具的有效性。发现敏感性最高可达0.73。特异性估计为0.98 - 0.99，阳性预测值为0.67。作者认为该有效性足够高，足以促使继续进行筛查程序以检测学龄前儿童的心理问题。然而，应努力进一步提高有效性。
