Lagerkvist B, Lauritzen S, Olin P, Tengvald K
Acta Paediatr Scand. 1975 May;64(3):413-20. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1975.tb03857.x.
The standardized Swedish health examination of 4-year-olds was performed in a residential suburb of Stockholm with a high percentage of young families and immigrants. Emphasis was placed on identifying children in need of pedagogic and psychological measures. Psychological problems were identified by: a structured interview with the parents, and an examination of the child, including developmental screening tests and the parents' assessment of the child's behaviour at home. We have placed more emphasis on the findings and evaluation at the examination than on interview data when arriving at a psychological diagnosis. The somatic part of the examination revealed only minor problems, confirming previous studies on four-year-olds in Sweden. Twelve percent of the 257 children were referred for further psychological investigation, and 16% were recommended early admittance to preschool because of psychological problems. Among the 46 immigrant children who did not have any Swedish parent, more than 50% did not speak Swedish and were recommended early admittance to preschool. In the whole material, 41% needed or were already (17%) in preschool or day nurseries. This indicates unfulfilled demands on such services within the community. The mother's perception of her lack of social contacts in the neighbourhood correlated with the presence of psychological problems and the need for subsequent measures for her child.
对斯德哥尔摩一个以年轻家庭和移民为主的市郊居民区的4岁儿童进行了标准化的瑞典健康检查。重点是识别需要采取教育和心理措施的儿童。通过以下方式识别心理问题：与家长进行结构化访谈，以及对儿童进行检查，包括发育筛查测试和家长对孩子在家行为的评估。在进行心理诊断时，我们更强调检查结果和评估，而非访谈数据。检查的身体部分仅发现了一些小问题，这证实了瑞典此前针对4岁儿童的研究。257名儿童中有12%被转介进行进一步的心理调查，16%因心理问题被建议提前进入学前班。在46名没有瑞典籍父母的移民儿童中，超过50%不会说瑞典语，被建议提前进入学前班。在整个样本中，41%的儿童需要或已经（17%）进入学前班或日托中心。这表明社区内对此类服务的需求未得到满足。母亲对自己在邻里间缺乏社交联系的认知与孩子心理问题的存在以及后续措施的需求相关。
