Byl F M
Laryngoscope. 1984 May;94(5 Pt 1):647-61.
The etiology, incidence, acute and late prognosis, and treatment of sudden hearing loss (SHL) are described variously in the literature. In an 8-year prospective study of 225 SHL patients, initiated in July 1973, overall, normal, or complete recovery occurred in 45% of patients and late otologic complications in 28%. Important prognostic indicators were severity of initial hearing loss and vertigo, time to initial audiogram, and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate; other indicators were age greater than 60 and less than 15 years, midfrequency audiogram configuration, and hearing status of the opposite ear. A common inflammatory cause is suggested for all degrees of severity in SHL, and a prognostic table is provided to aid the practitioner in predicting recovery. There is still no evidence that treatment achieves a result better than expected with spontaneous recovery.
突发性听力损失（SHL）的病因、发病率、急性和远期预后以及治疗方法在文献中的描述各不相同。在一项始于1973年7月、对225例SHL患者进行的为期8年的前瞻性研究中，总体而言，45%的患者听力恢复正常或完全恢复，28%的患者出现了晚期耳科并发症。重要的预后指标包括初始听力损失和眩晕的严重程度、首次听力图检查的时间以及红细胞沉降率升高；其他指标包括年龄大于60岁和小于15岁、中频听力图形态以及对侧耳的听力状况。对于SHL的所有严重程度，均提示存在常见的炎症病因，并提供了一个预后表以帮助从业者预测恢复情况。目前仍没有证据表明治疗效果优于自发恢复的预期效果。
