Kohn F E, Feijen J, Feenstra L
Int J Artif Organs. 1984 May;7(3):151-62.
Until 1950 the treatment of a perforated eardrum consisted of covering the drum permanently with artificial material. Since then a surgical technique to establish a functional reconstruction of the eardrum was developed (myringoplasty). A survey of the biological grafting materials used in this technique is given. Biodegradable and non-degradable synthetic materials may prove to be a valuable supplement of the existing biological grafting materials. Artificial eardrums made from several biodegradable poly(alpha-hydroxy acids) and poly(alpha-amino acids) and made from a number of microporous poly(tetrafluorethylene) membranes and from a microporous bisphenol-A poly(carbonate) membrane were implanted into the ears of rats and dogs and as a reference subcutaneously. The implants were histologically examined for periods up to one year. From the biodegradable polymers studied poly(beta-benzyl-L-aspartate-co-L-leucine) 50/50 evoked the least tissue reaction and the newly formed eardrums were the best in terms of thickness and overall integrity. The formation of a reinforced eardrum may be accomplished by the support of an inert, very thin, highly porous poly(tetrafluoroethylene membrane) preferably implanted as a composite graft with a biodegradable polymer.
直到1950年，鼓膜穿孔的治疗方法是用人工材料永久性覆盖鼓膜。从那时起，一种用于鼓膜功能性重建的外科技术（鼓膜成形术）得到了发展。本文对该技术中使用的生物移植材料进行了综述。可生物降解和不可生物降解的合成材料可能会被证明是现有生物移植材料的一种有价值的补充。将由几种可生物降解的聚（α-羟基酸）和聚（α-氨基酸）制成的人工鼓膜，以及由一些微孔聚（四氟乙烯）膜和微孔双酚-A聚（碳酸酯）膜制成的人工鼓膜植入大鼠和狗的耳朵，并将皮下植入作为对照。对植入物进行了长达一年的组织学检查。在所研究的可生物降解聚合物中，聚（β-苄基-L-天冬氨酸-co-L-亮氨酸）50/50引起的组织反应最小，新形成的鼓膜在厚度和整体完整性方面是最好的。通过惰性、非常薄、高度多孔的聚（四氟乙烯膜）的支撑可以实现强化鼓膜的形成，该膜最好作为与可生物降解聚合物的复合移植物植入。
