Fairclough J A, Mintowt-Czyz W J, Mackie I, Nokes L
Injury. 1984 Sep;16(2):85-7. doi: 10.1016/s0020-1383(84)80003-0.
The measurement of abdominal girth in an attempt to detect intra-abdominal bleeding may be dangerously misleading. It is an inaccurate measure of intra-abdominal collection of fluid. The results show that measurements are heavily biased by the expectations of observers, with the result that a considerable change in girth is likely to be ignored. The error caused by observer bias is much greater than the distension which actually occurs when fluid collects in the abdomen over a short period.
试图通过测量腹围来检测腹腔内出血可能会产生极具误导性的危险结果。它并不是衡量腹腔内液体聚集情况的准确方法。结果表明，测量结果在很大程度上受到观察者预期的影响，以至于腹围的显著变化很可能被忽略。观察者偏差所导致的误差比短期内腹腔内液体聚集时实际发生的腹胀要大得多。
