Nencioni L, Villa L, Boraschi D, Berti B, Tagliabue A
J Immunol. 1983 Feb;130(2):903-7.
Cell-mediated immune responses were assessed employing a 2-hr in vitro cytotoxicity assay against S. typhimurium. It was observed that lymphocytes from GALT as well as from peripheral lymphoid organs possessed natural antibacterial activity, whereas macrophages were devoid of this spontaneous activity. The distribution of this newly described natural activity was PPL greater than MnL greater than IEL = SpL = PBL greater than PoL; this did not correlate with the organ distribution of NK activity against YAC-1 tumor cells, which was PBL greater than SpL = IEL greater than MnL = PoL = PPL. Moreover, the phenotype of the splenic effector cell of the natural activity against S. typhimurium showed some differences from that of NK activity. In fact, both these cells were asialo GM1+, Fc-receptor+, nonadherent, and nonphagocytic, but the former was Thy-1.2- and the latter Thy-1.2+. The effector cell of the natural antibacterial activity in the Peyer's patches had the same phenotype as the splenic one. It was then observed that the antibacterial activity could be augmented by the addition of immune antibodies against S. typhimurium. This was particularly evident employing IEL, SpL, and PBL as effector cells, whereas PPL and MnL did not show any antibody-dependent antibacterial activity. Furthermore, these last two populations could not mediate ADCC against CRBC. Employing selective methods to deplete cell populations, we observed that, at least at the splenic level, there is also a cell that differs in its phenotypic characteristics from that mediating natural antibacterial activity but that plays a role in the antibody-dependent reactions. In conclusion, these results suggest that natural and antibody-dependent antibacterial mechanisms might be important in defense against S. typhimurium, particularly at the gastrointestinal level, where many bacterial infections first take place and begin to interact with the host immune system.
采用针对鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的2小时体外细胞毒性试验评估细胞介导的免疫反应。观察到来自肠道相关淋巴组织（GALT）以及外周淋巴器官的淋巴细胞具有天然抗菌活性，而巨噬细胞则缺乏这种自发活性。这种新描述的天然活性的分布为派伊尔氏淋巴集结（PPL）大于肠系膜淋巴结（MnL）大于肠上皮内淋巴细胞（IEL）=脾淋巴细胞（SpL）=外周血淋巴细胞（PBL）大于腹膜淋巴细胞（PoL）；这与针对YAC-1肿瘤细胞的自然杀伤（NK）活性的器官分布不相关，后者为PBL大于SpL = IEL大于MnL = PoL = PPL。此外，针对鼠伤寒沙门氏菌具有天然活性的脾效应细胞表型与NK活性的表型存在一些差异。事实上，这两种细胞均为无唾液酸GM1阳性、Fc受体阳性、不黏附且不吞噬，但前者Thy-1.2阴性，后者Thy-1.2阳性。派伊尔氏淋巴集结中天然抗菌活性的效应细胞与脾效应细胞具有相同表型。随后观察到，添加针对鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的免疫抗体可增强抗菌活性。以IEL、SpL和PBL作为效应细胞时尤其明显，而PPL和MnL未表现出任何抗体依赖性抗菌活性。此外，这最后两个细胞群体不能介导针对鸡红细胞（CRBC）的抗体依赖的细胞介导的细胞毒性作用（ADCC）。采用选择性方法耗尽细胞群体后，我们观察到，至少在脾水平，还存在一种细胞，其表型特征与介导天然抗菌活性的细胞不同，但在抗体依赖性反应中起作用。总之，这些结果表明，天然和抗体依赖性抗菌机制在抵御鼠伤寒沙门氏菌方面可能很重要，特别是在胃肠道水平，许多细菌感染首先在此发生并开始与宿主免疫系统相互作用。
