Dehring D J, Crocker S H, Wismar B L, Steinberg S M, Lowery B D, Cloutier C T
J Surg Res. 1983 Feb;34(2):151-8. doi: 10.1016/0022-4804(83)90054-9.
Acute respiratory failure (ARF) related to sepsis continues to have a high mortality and uncertain pathogenesis. With a reproducible live Pseudomonas aeruginosa infusion pig model, the gas exchange, hemodynamics, and pulmonary clearance of this organism were compared with live Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Lightly anesthetized, male, mixed-breed pigs, 15-30 kg, were intubated, allowed to breathe spontaneously, and had femoral artery, central venous, and Swan-Ganz catheterization through cutdowns. After baseline data were collected, approximately 1 X 10(9) organisms/20 kg/min were infused into a central vein for 4 hr with frequent monitoring of the variables. Immediate autopsies were done for related quantitative tissue culture studies. S. aureus pigs maintained a high rate of lung bacterial clearance with pulmonary hypertension, a nonsignificant decrease in PaO2, and relatively normal lungs at autopsy. Ps. aeruginosa and E. coli animals developed systemic hypotension, pulmonary hypertension, increased pulmonary vascular resistance, hypoxemia, and decreased pulmonary clearance. Their lungs had gross congestion and edema. These studies confirm the suitability of E. coli and Ps. aeruginosa infusion into pigs as a model of sepsis-induced ARF in man. The findings also indicate that neither pulmonary hypertension nor bacterial clearance by the lungs is sufficient to cause ARF.
与脓毒症相关的急性呼吸衰竭（ARF）死亡率持续居高不下，发病机制尚不明确。通过可重复的铜绿假单胞菌活菌输注猪模型，将该菌的气体交换、血流动力学及肺部清除情况与金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌活菌进行比较。选用体重15 - 30千克的雄性杂种猪，轻度麻醉后进行气管插管，使其自主呼吸，并通过切开术进行股动脉、中心静脉及 Swan - Ganz 导管插入。收集基线数据后，以约1×10(9) 个菌/20千克/分钟的速度向中心静脉输注细菌，持续4小时，期间频繁监测各项变量。随后立即进行尸检以进行相关定量组织培养研究。输注金黄色葡萄球菌的猪肺部细菌清除率高，伴有肺动脉高压，动脉血氧分压（PaO2）无显著下降，尸检时肺部相对正常。输注铜绿假单胞菌和大肠杆菌的动物出现全身性低血压、肺动脉高压、肺血管阻力增加、低氧血症及肺部清除率降低。其肺部有明显充血和水肿。这些研究证实将大肠杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌输注到猪体内可作为人类脓毒症诱导的 ARF 模型。研究结果还表明，肺动脉高压和肺部细菌清除均不足以导致 ARF。
