Elder E M, Brown A, Remington J S, Shonnard J, Naot Y
J Clin Microbiol. 1983 Jan;17(1):112-21. doi: 10.1128/jcm.17.1.112-121.1983.
The microenzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of immunoglobulin M and G (IgM, IgG) antibodies to Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 antigens was evaluated. IgM antibodies were measured by both double-sandwich and single-sandwich techniques. These assays were compared with the previously standardized indirect immunofluorescence test in four groups of subjects: (i) pneumonia patients with culture-proven Legionnaires disease with serogroup 1 isolates, (ii) pneumonia patients with serogroup 1 organisms detected by direct immunofluorescence testing of respiratory secretions but without culture confirmation, (iii) pneumonia patients with negative culture and direct immunofluorescence tests, and (iv) healthy hospital employees. In addition, the sensitivity and specificity of the IgG ELISA were evaluated with larger groups of controls and Legionnaires disease patients. The ELISA was more sensitive than the indirect immunofluorescence test. However, it detected antibody rises in pneumonia patients without culture or direct immunofluorescence evidence of L. pneumophila serogroup 1 infection, thereby suggesting that the specificity of the ELISA was slightly lower than that of the indirect immunofluorescence test. The double-sandwich ELISA was a sensitive method for detecting IgM antibodies and, as previously reported, appeared to be free from interference by rheumatoid factor. IgM anti-Legionella antibodies detected by the ELISA appeared earlier and were less persistent than IgG antibodies. In addition, the IgM ELISA was useful in detecting antibodies in necropsy serum samples obtained from patients dying acutely of Legionnaires disease. The data presented show that the ELISA is a reliable method for the detection of specific anti-Legionella antibodies.
对用于检测嗜肺军团菌血清1型抗原免疫球蛋白M和G（IgM、IgG）抗体的微量酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）进行了评估。采用双夹心和单夹心技术检测IgM抗体。在四组受试者中，将这些检测方法与先前标准化的间接免疫荧光试验进行了比较：（i）经培养证实为血清1型分离株的军团病肺炎患者；（ii）通过呼吸道分泌物直接免疫荧光检测发现血清1型病原体但未经培养证实的肺炎患者；（iii）培养和直接免疫荧光试验均为阴性的肺炎患者；（iv）健康的医院工作人员。此外，还使用更大规模的对照组和军团病患者评估了IgG ELISA的敏感性和特异性。ELISA比间接免疫荧光试验更敏感。然而，它在没有嗜肺军团菌血清1型感染培养或直接免疫荧光证据的肺炎患者中检测到抗体升高，从而表明ELISA的特异性略低于间接免疫荧光试验。双夹心ELISA是检测IgM抗体的一种敏感方法，并且如先前报道的那样，似乎不受类风湿因子的干扰。ELISA检测到的IgM抗军团菌抗体出现得更早，并且比IgG抗体持续时间更短。此外，IgM ELISA可用于检测死于军团病急性发作患者尸检血清样本中的抗体。所呈现的数据表明ELISA是检测特异性抗军团菌抗体的可靠方法。
