Logemann J A, Fisher H B, Boshes B, Blonsky E R
J Speech Hear Disord. 1978 Feb;43(1):47-57. doi: 10.1044/jshd.4301.47.
In this study, the frequency of occurrence of speech and voice symptoms in 200 Parkinson patients was defined by two expert listeners from high-fidelity tape recordings of conversational speech samples and readings of the sentence version of the Fisher-Logemann Test of Articulation Competence. Specific phonemes that were misarticulated were catalogued. Other vocal-tract dysfunctions, including laryngeal disorders, rate disorders, and hypernasality, were also recorded. Cooccurrence of symptoms in each patient was tabulated. Examination of the patterns of cooccurring dysfunctions permitted classifying the 200 patients into five groups: Group 1 (45% of the patients) with laryngeal dysfunction as their only vocal-tract symptom; Group 2 (13.5% of the patients) with laryngeal and back-tongue involvement; Group 3 (17% of the patients) with laryngeal, back-tongue, and tongue-blade dysfunction; Group 4 (5.5% of the patients) with laryngeal dysfunction, back-tongue involvement, tongue-blade dysfunction, and labial misarticulations; and Group 5 (9% of the patients) with laryngeal dysfunction and misarticulations of the back tongue, tongue blade, lips, and tongue tip. Disfluencies and hypernasality did not follow a systematic pattern of cooccurrence with other vocal-tract dysfunctions.
在本研究中，200名帕金森病患者的言语和嗓音症状出现频率由两名专家听众根据对话语音样本的高保真录音以及Fisher-Logemann言语清晰度测试句子版本的朗读来确定。对发音错误的特定音素进行了编目。还记录了其他声道功能障碍，包括喉部疾病、语速障碍和鼻音过重。将每位患者的症状共现情况制成表格。通过检查共现功能障碍的模式，可将这200名患者分为五组：第1组（占患者的45%），仅以喉部功能障碍作为唯一的声道症状；第2组（占患者的13.5%），伴有喉部和舌根受累；第3组（占患者的17%），伴有喉部、舌根和舌叶功能障碍；第4组（占患者的5.5%），伴有喉部功能障碍、舌根受累、舌叶功能障碍和唇音发音错误；第5组（占患者的9%），伴有喉部功能障碍以及舌根、舌叶、嘴唇和舌尖的发音错误。言语不流畅和鼻音过重与其他声道功能障碍没有系统的共现模式。
