[Congenital Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Apropos of a case in Paris].

A 28 years old parturient woman, coming back from Cameroon, was admitted with fever. Blood smear for malaria revealed trophozoïtes of Plasmodium falciparum. Because of fetal troubles, the infant was born by a caesarean. Physical examination of the new-born revealed an hepatomegaly. Cord blood film showed trophozoïtes of Plasmodium falciparum. With treatment with chloroquine, the child looked healthy in a few days. So, congenital malaria is not seldom in areas of high malaria endemicity, but we must be very careful with travellers parturient in other countries. The difference between congenital and perinatal malaria is discussed.