Rothwell N J, Saville M E, Stock M J
Am J Physiol. 1983 Aug;245(2):E160-5. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.1983.245.2.E160.
Refeeding 3-day-fasted rats with 40 kJ carbohydrate (CHO; corn flour) or protein (gelatin) caused a rise in plasma insulin levels 3 h later, but refeeding fat or injection of norepinephrine (400 micrograms/kg) had no effect. Injection of insulin (0.25 U) caused a 15% rise in metabolic rate 24 h later in fasted rats that could be inhibited by treatment with propranolol. Refeeding rats with a single CHO meal produced an increase in oxygen consumption (15%) 24 h later that was inhibited by injection of diazoxide or 2-deoxy-D-glucose given at the time of the meal. The thermogenic response to insulin injection was unaffected by treatment with diazoxide or 2-deoxy-D-glucose. Genetically obese Zucker rats failed to increase metabolic rate after insulin or CHO. In normally fed lean rats, maintained on a stock diet or a palatable cafeteria diet, insulin (4 U) enhanced the thermogenic response to norepinephrine and stimulated resting metabolic rate (16%) in the cafeteria-fed rats. These data suggest that insulin is involved in the thermogenic responses to food and catecholamines.
用40千焦碳水化合物（CHO；玉米粉）或蛋白质（明胶）重新喂养禁食3天的大鼠，3小时后血浆胰岛素水平升高，但重新喂养脂肪或注射去甲肾上腺素（400微克/千克）则没有效果。注射胰岛素（0.25单位）24小时后，禁食大鼠的代谢率升高了15%，普萘洛尔治疗可抑制这一升高。用单一的CHO餐重新喂养大鼠，24小时后耗氧量增加（15%），在进餐时注射二氮嗪或2-脱氧-D-葡萄糖可抑制这一增加。注射二氮嗪或2-脱氧-D-葡萄糖对胰岛素注射引起的产热反应没有影响。遗传性肥胖的 Zucker 大鼠在注射胰岛素或给予CHO后代谢率未能增加。在正常喂食的瘦大鼠中，维持普通饲料或美味自助餐饮食，胰岛素（4单位）增强了对去甲肾上腺素的产热反应，并刺激了自助餐喂养大鼠的静息代谢率（16%）。这些数据表明，胰岛素参与了对食物和儿茶酚胺的产热反应。
