Land H, Parada L F, Weinberg R A
Science. 1983 Nov 18;222(4625):771-8. doi: 10.1126/science.6356358.
Two dozen cellular proto-oncogenes have been discovered to date through the study of retroviruses and the use of gene transfer. They form a structurally and functionally heterogeneous group. At least five distinct mechanisms are responsible for their conversion to active oncogenes. Recent work provides experimental strategies by which many of these oncogenes, as well as oncogenes of DNA tumor viruses, may be placed into functional categories. These procedures may lead to definition of a small number of common pathways through which the various oncogenes act to transform cells.
迄今为止，通过对逆转录病毒的研究和基因转移技术的运用，已发现了二十多种细胞原癌基因。它们构成了一个结构和功能各异的群体。至少有五种不同的机制可导致它们转变为活性癌基因。最近的研究工作提供了一些实验策略，通过这些策略，许多这类癌基因以及DNA肿瘤病毒的癌基因可被归入功能类别。这些方法可能会导致确定少数几种常见途径，各种癌基因通过这些途径作用于细胞使其发生转化。
