Tartakoff A M
Int Rev Cytol. 1983;85:221-52. doi: 10.1016/s0074-7696(08)62374-8.
The organized and characteristic elements of the Golgi complex (GC) are the stacked smooth-surfaced cisternae, which are found in the centrosphere of all eukaryotic cells. These cisternae, in conjunction with other associated smooth-surfaced membranes, are responsible for executing net unidirectional intracellular transport (ICT) from the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) toward more distally located structures. This chapter focuses on the broad range of accessory activities that occur during transport, the family of “posttranslational modifications.” These events are, in all likelihood, not essential for the “primary” function of the GC yet they are crucial in allowing the cell to tailor its biosynthetic products for its own needs and the needs of the organism as a whole. In addition to modifying products of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, the GC may be involved in processing events because of its participation in other routes of vesicular traffic—for example, centripetal traffic from the cell surface. Various nonequivalent criteria have been used to ascribe processing events to the GC-autoradiography, preparative or analytic subcellular fractionation, interruption by ICT inhibitors, and delay in the impact of cycloheximide.
高尔基体（GC）的有组织且具特征性的成分是堆叠的光滑表面扁平囊，它们存在于所有真核细胞的中心球中。这些扁平囊与其他相关的光滑表面膜一起，负责执行从粗面内质网（RER）向更远处结构的净单向细胞内运输（ICT）。本章重点关注运输过程中发生的广泛辅助活动，即“翻译后修饰”家族。这些事件很可能对GC的“主要”功能并非必不可少，但它们对于细胞根据自身需求以及整个生物体的需求来定制其生物合成产物至关重要。除了修饰粗面内质网的产物外，GC可能还参与加工事件，因为它参与了其他囊泡运输途径，例如从细胞表面的向心运输。已经使用了各种不等同的标准来将加工事件归因于GC——放射自显影、制备性或分析性亚细胞分级分离、ICT抑制剂的阻断以及环己酰亚胺作用的延迟。
