Hendriks H, Malingré T M, Elema E T
Pharm Weekbl Sci. 1983 Dec 16;5(6):281-6. doi: 10.1007/BF02074855.
Within the scope of a study of antitumour compounds in higher plants a survey is given concerning the presence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids, flavonoids and volatile compounds in Eupatorium species. Preliminary results of a phytochemical study of these compounds in E. cannabinum are also presented. From the results of a GC-MS analysis of an alkaloid extract from aerial parts of E. cannabinum the conclusion can be drawn, that the composition of pyrrolizidine alkaloids is more complicated than reported in literature. This is caused by the fact that different stereoisomers exist. The presence of at least two alkaloids with a molecular weight of 283 (supinine or isomers) and four alkaloids with a molecular weight of 299 (echinatine or isomers) could be shown. In subterranean plant material also other pyrrolizidine alkaloids are present. A great number of flavonoids, also as glycosides, have been shown in Eupatorium species, often in low quantities. Rutin, present in many Eupatorium species, could not be detected in subterranean parts of E. cannabinum. Relatively little attention has been paid to the analysis of volatile compounds (essential oils) of Eupatorium species. Thymol derivatives are often reported to be present in Eupatorium species. Thirty-five compounds could be detected by means of a GC-MS analysis in the essential oil of E. cannabinum about which no literature data were available.
在一项关于高等植物中抗肿瘤化合物的研究范围内，对泽兰属植物中吡咯里西啶生物碱、黄酮类化合物和挥发性化合物的存在情况进行了调查。还介绍了对大麻叶泽兰中这些化合物进行植物化学研究的初步结果。通过对大麻叶泽兰地上部分生物碱提取物的气相色谱 - 质谱分析结果可以得出结论，吡咯里西啶生物碱的组成比文献报道的更为复杂。这是由于存在不同的立体异构体。已证实至少存在两种分子量为283的生物碱（苏平宁或异构体）和四种分子量为299的生物碱（刺囊碱或异构体）。在地下植物材料中也存在其他吡咯里西啶生物碱。泽兰属植物中已发现大量黄酮类化合物，也有糖苷形式，但其含量通常较低。许多泽兰属植物中存在的芦丁，在大麻叶泽兰的地下部分未检测到。相对而言，对泽兰属植物挥发性化合物（精油）的分析关注较少。百里香酚衍生物常被报道存在于泽兰属植物中。通过气相色谱 - 质谱分析，在大麻叶泽兰的精油中检测到35种化合物，关于这些化合物尚无文献数据。
