Folstein M F, Whitehouse P J
Neurobehav Toxicol Teratol. 1983 Nov-Dec;5(6):631-4.
The clinical signs of Alzheimer Disease can be quantitated and correlated with neuropathological evidence of the disease. These clinical signs which include amnesia, aphasia and apraxia can be screened for using instruments such as the Mini-Mental State Exam. In addition, each of these cognitive functions can be quantitated using specific tests. Standardized scores are available for a mini mental state but further research is needed to develop normative data for more detailed psychological assessment tests of specific cognitive deficits. The fact that the cognitive impairment predicts the neuropathology and also the presence of a familial disorder, provides the basis for the validity of these characteristic cognitive signs and the rationale for developing more standardized versions of these tests.
阿尔茨海默病的临床体征可以进行量化，并与该疾病的神经病理学证据相关联。这些临床体征包括失忆、失语和失用症，可以使用简易精神状态检查表等工具进行筛查。此外，这些认知功能中的每一项都可以通过特定测试进行量化。简易精神状态有标准化分数，但需要进一步研究来为特定认知缺陷的更详细心理评估测试制定规范数据。认知障碍可预测神经病理学以及家族性疾病的存在，这一事实为这些特征性认知体征的有效性以及开发这些测试的更标准化版本提供了依据。
