Freire-Maia L, Almeida H O, Cunha-Melo J R, Azevedo A D, Barroso J
Agents Actions. 1978 Jan;8(1-2):113-8. doi: 10.1007/BF01972412.
The intravenous injection of purified scorpion toxin (tityustoxin, TsTX) into unanesthetized rats induces a severe systemic hypertension followed by a hemorrhagic edema of the lungs. The edema is focal or diffuse, whereas the hemorrhage is always focal and less prominent than the edema. Anesthesia of the rats prevents the appearance of pulmonary edema. It seems likely that this protective action of the anesthesia is due, at least in part, to an interference with the hypertension induced by TsTX. The pulmonary edema is prevented by bilateral adrenalectomy, guanethidine or phenoxybenzamine. It is suggested that the edema depends on a sympathetic-adrenal discharge and that catecholamines released by TsTX act on alpha adrenergic receptors. The mean kininogen content of the rat plasma, 1 h after TsTX injection, is not significantly different from that found in the control animals. The possible role played by kinins and other mediators in the early phases of the pulmonary edema induced by TsTX is under investigation.
将纯化的蝎子毒素（蒂氏蝎毒素，TsTX）静脉注射到未麻醉的大鼠体内会引发严重的全身性高血压，随后出现肺部出血性水肿。水肿可为局灶性或弥漫性，而出血总是局灶性的，且不如水肿明显。对大鼠进行麻醉可防止肺水肿的出现。麻醉的这种保护作用似乎至少部分归因于对TsTX诱导的高血压的干扰。双侧肾上腺切除术、胍乙啶或酚苄明可预防肺水肿。提示水肿依赖于交感 - 肾上腺释放，且TsTX释放的儿茶酚胺作用于α肾上腺素能受体。注射TsTX 1小时后，大鼠血浆中的平均激肽原含量与对照动物相比无显著差异。目前正在研究激肽和其他介质在TsTX诱导的肺水肿早期阶段可能发挥的作用。
