Is peptic ulceration a hormonal disease?

The pathogenesis of peptic ulceration cannot be explained by an abnormal capacity to secrete acid, for ulcers develop in patients who secrete acid normally. Duodenal and gastric ulcers have a common cause. The location of an ulcer in each individual is primarily determined by his capacity to secrete acid at that time. There is a difference between the mechanisms which heal an ulcer and cure a patient of his disease. Procedures that reduce an individual's capacity to secrete acid, heal an ulcer by moving the focus of the ulcerogenic forces to a more proximal site. It is necessary to remove an antral factor if in addition the patient is to be cured of his disease. It is postulated that this antral factor is the gastrin (G17) which is released in abnormal amounts into gastric juice in patients with ulcers and with gastrinomas. The abnormal amount of G17 in gastric juice may be responsible for releasing abnormal amounts of G34 into the circulation from the duodenum and from gastrinomas. The abnormal release of gastrin develops as a result of an impaired response to duodenal acidification manifest in part by an impaired release of secretin. It is postulated that the abnormal stimulation of antral gastrin release may on occasions give rise to antral G-cell hyperplasia, and that the abnormal secretion of gastrin into gastric juice may on occasions give rise to gastrinomas. These abnormalities may cause ulcers by producing an uncontrolled secretion of acid and an abnormal exposure to bile.