Bristol J B, Williamson R C
Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl. 1984;93:25-34.
Developmental events in the large bowel have been studied pre- and post-natally and indicate that by birth, crypt organisation and kinetic activity are organised along adult lines. The period from birth to maturity is marked by an increase in crypt size and a massive increase in their number, with new crypts developing by a process of longitudinal fission from the base of existing ones. We know little of the fate of crypt size and number thereafter. Adaptive responses to resection or bypass of intestine are much less marked in large bowel when compared to small bowel, but in general postoperative responses have not been as extensively examined. Of the factors maintaining mass and cell turnover in large bowel mucosa simple luminal bulk seems to be most important, although a role exists for endocrine and neurovascular influences. Knowledge of growth, kinetic activity and adaptive responses in human large bowel is scanty and represents a large area for further study.
对大肠发育事件已在产前和产后进行了研究，结果表明，到出生时，隐窝组织和动力学活动已按照成人模式进行组织。从出生到成熟的这段时期，其特征是隐窝大小增加且数量大幅增多，新的隐窝通过现有隐窝底部的纵向分裂过程形成。此后，我们对隐窝大小和数量的变化情况了解甚少。与小肠相比，大肠对肠切除或肠旁路的适应性反应不太明显，但总体而言，术后反应尚未得到广泛研究。在维持大肠黏膜质量和细胞更新的因素中，单纯的管腔容量似乎最为重要，不过内分泌和神经血管的影响也发挥了作用。关于人类大肠生长、动力学活动及适应性反应的知识匮乏，这是一个有待深入研究的广阔领域。
