Hiramatsu K, Yamada T, Katakura M
Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 1984 Mar-Apr;11(2):171-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.1984.tb00254.x.
In an attempt to study effects of cold on blood pressure and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, 34 healthy young subjects with or without a family history of essential hypertension were exposed to moderate cold (4 degrees C for 1 h) or severe cold (immersion of the hands to 0 degrees C for 10 min). Moderate cold elevated blood pressure, aldosterone, cortisol and noradrenaline when the subjects wore summer clothing but not when the subjects wore winter clothing. Regardless of the clothing worn, skin blood flow and plasma renin activity decreased significantly in response to moderate cold but angiotensin II decreased insignificantly. Severe cold elevated blood pressure, cortisol, aldosterone and noradrenaline. Administration of dexamethasone significantly depressed an increase of aldosterone and cortisol in response to cold but failed to effect an elevation of blood pressure and noradrenaline. Plasma renin activity and angiotensin II concentration were not affected at all during and after cold exposure. It is suggested that, among the various hormones studied, noradrenaline is the only hormone responsible for an elevation of blood pressure in response to cold.
为了研究寒冷对血压及肾素 - 血管紧张素 - 醛固酮系统的影响，34名有或无原发性高血压家族史的健康年轻受试者分别暴露于中度寒冷环境（4℃，持续1小时）或重度寒冷环境（双手浸于0℃水中，持续10分钟）。当受试者穿着夏季服装时，中度寒冷会使血压、醛固酮、皮质醇和去甲肾上腺素升高，但穿着冬季服装时则不会。无论穿着何种服装，中度寒冷都会使皮肤血流量和血浆肾素活性显著降低，而血管紧张素II的降低不显著。重度寒冷会使血压、皮质醇、醛固酮和去甲肾上腺素升高。给予地塞米松可显著抑制寒冷引起的醛固酮和皮质醇升高，但未能影响血压和去甲肾上腺素的升高。在寒冷暴露期间及之后，血浆肾素活性和血管紧张素II浓度均未受到任何影响。研究表明，在所研究的各种激素中，去甲肾上腺素是唯一一种在寒冷刺激下导致血压升高的激素。
