Szabad J, Soós I, Polgár G, Héjja G
Mutat Res. 1983 Apr;113(2):117-33. doi: 10.1016/0165-1161(83)90224-8.
The mutagenicities of malondialdehyde and formaldehyde were tested by screening each for genetic mosaics of Drosophila melanogaster and by the Muller-5 test for sex-linked recessive lethal mutations. For comparison, the effects of X-rays were also assayed by the above technique. Malondialdehyde, a degradation product of polyunsaturated fatty acids, was found to be a weak mutagen by the above criteria; it induced point mutations and chromosome exchanges at low frequency, as proved by the mosaic test, but failed to induce detectable sex-linked lethality. Formaldehyde was more mutagenic than malondialdehyde; beside induction of mosaic spots it induced sex-linked recessive lethal mutations, but only in the larval testes of Drosophila. Formaldehyde also induced disintegration of the clones. Formaldehyde treatment (feeding larvae with formaldehyde-containing food for about 4 days) was 5 times more mutagenic than malondialdehyde treatment and 5 times less effective than irradiation by 1000 R of X-rays. Wing mosaicism offers a more sensitive way to detect mutagenesis as compared with eye mosaicism. It is suggested that aldehyde-induced mosaic spots derive from mitotic recombination and point mutations.
通过筛选果蝇的遗传嵌合体以及利用穆勒-5试验检测性连锁隐性致死突变，对丙二醛和甲醛的致突变性进行了测试。为作比较，还采用上述技术测定了X射线的效应。丙二醛是多不饱和脂肪酸的降解产物，根据上述标准，它被发现是一种弱诱变剂；通过嵌合体试验证明，它能以低频率诱导点突变和染色体交换，但未能诱导出可检测到的性连锁致死性。甲醛比丙二醛的致突变性更强；除了诱导嵌合斑外，它还能诱导性连锁隐性致死突变，但仅在果蝇的幼虫睾丸中。甲醛还能诱导克隆解体。甲醛处理（用含甲醛的食物喂养幼虫约4天）的致突变性比丙二醛处理高5倍，而效力比1000伦琴的X射线照射低5倍。与眼嵌合体相比，翅嵌合体为检测诱变提供了一种更灵敏的方法。有人提出，醛诱导的嵌合斑源自有丝分裂重组和点突变。
