The effect of ten and twenty per cent safflower oil emulsion given as thirty to fifty per cent of total calories.

In a prospective study of seven patients undergoing operations, 10 and 20 per cent safflower oil emulsions were found to be safe and effective as a major component of adult parenteral nutrition. Specifically, clinically important adverse effects of the emulsions as monitored by clinical evaluation and screening hematologic and blood chemistry determinations were not identified. Further, an extensive coagulation profile in these patients has failed to identify procoagulant effects of parenteral safflower oil. The optimum dosage of fat for a balanced parenteral diet is not known. Linoleic acid administered as 4 per cent of total calories every other day will treat or prevent essential fatty acid deficiency, and this dosage may be considered a minimum requirement for parenteral fat. The data from this study demonstrate parenteral safflower oil administered as 30 to 50 per cent of total calories is effective in achieving nitrogen balance. The implication is that fat emulsions today allow the use of parenteral diets that match the normal diet consumed orally in terms of the balance of protein, carbohydrate and fat.