Krotkiewski M, Bylund-Fallenius A C, Holm J, Björntorp P, Grimby G, Mandroukas K
Eur J Clin Invest. 1983 Feb;13(1):5-12. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.1983.tb00057.x.
To evaluate the relationships between changes in muscle morphology and metabolic adaptation to physical training in obesity, twenty obese women were subjected to a physical training programme with three sessions a week for 3 months. Physical training resulted in lowering of plasma insulin and improved glucose tolerance. Neither body weight nor body fat changed. With physical training the percentage distribution of fast twitch oxidative (FTa) muscle fibres (m vastus lateralis) increased (from 30.3 +/- 5.1% to 35.2 +/- 4.8%, P less than 0.05) and that of fast twitch glycolytic fibres decreased (from 18.3 +/- 6.6 to 5.8 +/- 4.8%, P less than 0.05). The number of capillaries increased, mainly around slow twitch (ST) fibres (from 4.5 +/- 0.6 to 5.8 +/- 0.8, P less than 0.01) and fast twitch oxidative (FTa) fibres (from 3.9 +/- 0.7 to 4.7 +/- 0.8, P less than 0.01). The activities of oxidative enzymes (cytochrome-c-oxidase and citrate synthase) increased (P less than 0.05) while those of glycolytic enzymes (phosphofructokinase and hexokinase) decreased after physical training (P less than 0.01). Significant negative correlations between plasma insulin and number of capillaries in contact with ST fibres (r = 0.80, P less than 0.001) and FTa fibres (r = 0.62, P less than 0.001) were found before training. The capillary density around those fibres could predict 80% of the explained variance of plasma insulin levels (P less than 0.001). The changes of glucose concentration after training could be predicted by observed changes in enzyme activities. The strong associations between muscle morphology and capillarization and enzyme activities and glucose and insulin concentrations and their changes after training suggest an important regulatory role of muscle which warrants further studies.
为了评估肥胖人群肌肉形态变化与体育锻炼代谢适应性之间的关系，20名肥胖女性参加了一项体育锻炼计划，每周进行三次锻炼，持续3个月。体育锻炼使血浆胰岛素水平降低，葡萄糖耐量得到改善。体重和体脂均未改变。通过体育锻炼，快肌氧化（FTa）肌纤维（股外侧肌）的百分比分布增加（从30.3±5.1%增至35.2±4.8%，P<0.05），快肌糖酵解纤维的百分比分布减少（从18.3±6.6降至5.8±4.8%，P<0.05）。毛细血管数量增加，主要在慢肌（ST）纤维（从4.5±0.6增至5.8±0.8，P<0.01）和快肌氧化（FTa）纤维（从3.9±0.7增至4.7±0.8，P<0.01）周围。体育锻炼后，氧化酶（细胞色素c氧化酶和柠檬酸合酶）的活性增加（P<0.05），而糖酵解酶（磷酸果糖激酶和己糖激酶）的活性降低（P<0.01）。训练前发现血浆胰岛素与与ST纤维（r=0.80，P<0.001）和FTa纤维（r=0.62，P<0.001）接触的毛细血管数量之间存在显著负相关。这些纤维周围的毛细血管密度可预测血浆胰岛素水平80%的解释方差（P<0.001）。训练后葡萄糖浓度的变化可通过观察到的酶活性变化来预测。肌肉形态与毛细血管化以及酶活性与葡萄糖和胰岛素浓度及其训练后的变化之间的紧密关联表明肌肉具有重要的调节作用，值得进一步研究。
