Butler P J, Woakes A J
J Exp Biol. 1984 Jan;108:419-28. doi: 10.1242/jeb.108.1.419.
Heart rate and aerobic metabolism have been recorded from three Humboldt penguins, Spheniscus humboldti, freely diving on a freshwater pond (9 X 4.6 X 2.7 m deep), using an implanted radiotransmitter and an open circuit respirometer. Oxygen uptake at mean dive duration (46.2s) was 26% greater than the resting value, but the difference was not statistically significant. Heart rate was also similar to the resting value. It is concluded that voluntary dives of penguins are completely aerobic and that oxygen stores are sufficient to allow metabolism to continue at the rate estimated in the present study for 2.27 min during voluntary submersion. This is longer than that calculated for tufted ducks, probably because the penguins are more efficient at underwater locomotion and because they are almost neutrally buoyant.
使用植入式无线电发射器和开路呼吸计，记录了三只洪堡企鹅（Spheniscus humboldti）在一个淡水池塘（9×4.6×2.7米深）中自由潜水时的心率和有氧代谢情况。平均潜水持续时间（46.2秒）时的氧气摄取量比静息值高26%，但差异无统计学意义。心率也与静息值相似。研究得出结论，企鹅的自主潜水完全是有氧的，并且氧气储备足以使新陈代谢以本研究估计的速率在自主潜水期间持续2.27分钟。这比簇羽鸭的计算时间要长，可能是因为企鹅在水下运动方面更高效，并且它们几乎是中性浮力的。
