Freeman M J, Lopez-Osuna M, Armstrong C H, Sands-Freeman L
Vet Microbiol. 1984 Jul;9(3):259-70. doi: 10.1016/0378-1135(84)90043-9.
Sera from swine experimentally or naturally infected with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (the etiological agent of mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine, MPS) were tested by the indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA), the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the complement fixation (CF) test. The IHA detected antibody at comparable times and levels to the other 2 serological tests following experimentally-induced infection. In the late antibody response (greater than or equal to 86 days post-infection), the ELISA titres were higher than either the IHA or the CF test. The IHA appeared least satisfactory when it was used to test sera from commercial swine herds. When 1000 sera were tested, the IHA was positive for only 30 (22%) of 135 sera which were positive by the ELISA and the CF test. The IHA titres were low; 20 of the 30 sera had a titre of only 10. The end-points for the IHA were difficult to read for sera of this low titre. The relationship between positive IHA results for the herd sera obtained at necropsy, and the occurrence of gross or microscopic lesions typical of MPS was poor (41 and 50% agreement, respectively). An agreement of 39% was noted between positive IHA results and the localization of mycoplasmal antigens by an indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) test. However, IHA results correlated significantly (P less than 0.05) with gross and microscopic lesions, but not with the IIF test. No significant correlation was noted between the IHA (or the other 2 serologic tests) and the cultural isolation of M. hyopneumoniae or M. flocculare. On the basis of these results, the IHA appears to have limited promise as a practical test for the diagnosis of MPS in commercial swine herds because of the low titres observed, poor correlation of the IHA and other indicators of MPS, the necessarily subjective determination of end-points, and other inherent technical limitations of the test.
用间接血凝试验（IHA）、酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）和补体结合（CF）试验检测了经实验性或自然感染猪肺炎支原体（猪支原体肺炎的病原体，MPS）的猪的血清。在实验性感染后，IHA在与其他两种血清学试验相当的时间和水平上检测到抗体。在抗体反应后期（感染后大于或等于86天），ELISA滴度高于IHA或CF试验。当用于检测商业猪群的血清时，IHA似乎最不理想。检测1000份血清时，IHA对ELISA和CF试验呈阳性的135份血清中仅30份（22%）呈阳性。IHA滴度很低；30份血清中有20份滴度仅为10。对于这种低滴度的血清，IHA的终点很难读取。尸检时获得的猪群血清IHA阳性结果与MPS典型的肉眼或显微镜病变的出现之间的相关性较差（分别为41%和50%的一致性）。IHA阳性结果与间接免疫荧光（IIF）试验检测支原体抗原的定位之间的一致性为39%。然而，IHA结果与肉眼和显微镜病变显著相关（P<0.05），但与IIF试验无关。IHA（或其他两种血清学试验）与猪肺炎支原体或絮状支原体的培养分离之间未发现显著相关性。基于这些结果，由于观察到的滴度较低、IHA与MPS其他指标的相关性较差、终点的确定必然主观以及该试验的其他固有技术局限性，IHA作为商业猪群中MPS诊断的实际检测方法似乎前景有限。
