Pinnas J L, Strunk R C, Wang T M, Thompson H C
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1977 Jan;59(1):10-6. doi: 10.1016/0091-6749(77)90170-1.
Harvester ant stings by Pogonomyrmex maricopa (Pm) or Pogonomyrmex rugosus (Pr) resulted in serious reactions in 8 patients, 4 with generalized reactions and 1 with large local reactions. Exposure to one species in the genus Pogonomyrmex (P) appeared to cross-sensitize ant-sensitive patients to other species in the same genus as evidenced by skin testing and leukocyte histamine release, but these patients were less sensitive to extracts from other stinging Hymenoptera, including bee, wasp, yellow jacket, hornet, and Formica ant. Pr ant venom was obtained by electrical stimulation of live ants for leukocyte histamine release studies. The venom preparation was considerably more effective in inducing histamine release than a body extract derived from gasters, the posterior abdominal segments. Rabbits immunized with an extract from one species produced precipitating antibodies against the injected extract withich cross-reacted with extracts from other species of harvester ant, but not with other stinging Hymenoptera. Humans and rabbits appear to react to certain genus-specific antigens present in Pogonomyrmex whole body extracts. Proper identification of the offending ant is crucial for proper testing and treatment of ant-sensitive patients.
马里科帕收获蚁（Pm）或粗糙收获蚁（Pr）叮咬导致8名患者出现严重反应，4名患者出现全身反应，1名患者出现大面积局部反应。通过皮肤试验和白细胞组胺释放证明，接触收获蚁属（P）中的一个物种似乎会使对蚂蚁敏感的患者对同一属中的其他物种产生交叉敏感，但这些患者对其他螫刺膜翅目昆虫的提取物敏感性较低，包括蜜蜂、黄蜂、黄胡蜂、大黄蜂和蚁属蚂蚁。通过电刺激活蚂蚁获取Pr蚁毒用于白细胞组胺释放研究。毒液制剂在诱导组胺释放方面比从腹部后端（腹柄）获得的虫体提取物有效得多。用一个物种的提取物免疫的兔子产生了针对注射提取物的沉淀抗体，该抗体与其他收获蚁物种的提取物发生交叉反应，但与其他螫刺膜翅目昆虫的提取物不发生交叉反应。人类和兔子似乎对收获蚁全身提取物中存在的某些属特异性抗原有反应。正确识别肇事蚂蚁对于对蚂蚁敏感患者的正确检测和治疗至关重要。
