Romanovská L, Chrástek J, Prerovský I
Physiol Bohemoslov. 1981;30(3):275-80.
The effect of training on dilatation capacity in the lower limbs was evaluated by studying the blood flow and vascular resistance in the calf in 10 young athletes aged 19-29 years and 15 trained middle-aged subjects aged 52-58 years during post-ischaemic reactive hyperaemia. The control groups comprised untrained subjects of approximately the same ages, i.e. 16 men aged 18-29 and 37 aged 40-60. The calf blood flow as determined plethysmographically and the blood pressure was measured on the arm by auscultation. Vascular resistance was calculated from the mean blood pressure and from the maximal calf blood flow measured during hyperaemia. A significantly higher maximal blood flow and significantly lower resistance in the calf were found in young athletes than in untrained subjects. In athletes, the flow debt was significantly overpaid. In middle-aged subjects, the effect of training was manifested only in significant overpayment of the flow debt, while vascular resistance and the maximal blood flow were the same as in the controls. It can be concluded from these findings that significant improvement of vasodilatation ability in association with training occurs primarily in young subjects. The findings also correspond to the known ability of young athletes to give a higher maximal performance than veteran athletes.
通过研究10名年龄在19 - 29岁的年轻运动员和15名年龄在52 - 58岁的训练有素的中年受试者在缺血后反应性充血期间小腿的血流和血管阻力，评估训练对下肢扩张能力的影响。对照组包括年龄大致相同的未经训练的受试者，即16名年龄在18 - 29岁的男性和37名年龄在40 - 60岁的男性。通过体积描记法测定小腿血流量，并通过听诊法测量手臂血压。根据平均血压和充血期间测量的最大小腿血流量计算血管阻力。发现年轻运动员小腿的最大血流量明显高于未经训练的受试者，阻力明显更低。在运动员中，血流亏欠得到了显著的超额偿还。在中年受试者中，训练的效果仅表现为血流亏欠的显著超额偿还，而血管阻力和最大血流量与对照组相同。从这些发现可以得出结论，与训练相关的血管舒张能力的显著改善主要发生在年轻受试者中。这些发现也与年轻运动员比资深运动员具有更高的最大运动表现这一已知能力相符。
