Piiper J, Meyer M, Scheid P
Respir Physiol. 1984 May;56(2):131-44. doi: 10.1016/0034-5687(84)90099-9.
The role of diffusion in tissue gas exchange is investigated using a simple mathematical model which incorporates both tissue-blood equilibration and gas transfer between arterial and venous vessels with counter-current flow, leading to 'diffusion shunt'. Both increasing the diffusion coefficient of the gas considered or decreasing the blood flow results in two antagonistic effects: (i) improvement of blood/tissue equilibration, (ii) increase in extent of diffusion shunt. The diffusion shunt retards inert gas wash-out (local tissue clearance) and leads thus, if not taken into account, to an underestimation of capillary blood flow calculated from the wash-out rate constant. For O2 (and CO2) the diffusion shunt reduces the efficacy of blood/tissue transfer, but its extent is expected to be only moderate because of the chemical combination of these gases in blood.
利用一个简单的数学模型研究扩散在组织气体交换中的作用，该模型纳入了组织 - 血液平衡以及动脉和静脉血管之间的逆流气体传输，从而导致“扩散分流”。增加所考虑气体的扩散系数或减少血流量都会产生两种相反的效应：（i）改善血液/组织平衡，（ii）增加扩散分流的程度。扩散分流会延缓惰性气体的清除（局部组织清除），因此，如果不加以考虑，会导致根据清除速率常数计算出的毛细血管血流量被低估。对于氧气（和二氧化碳），扩散分流会降低血液/组织传输的效率，但由于这些气体在血液中的化学结合，预计其程度仅为中等。
