Gritz E R
Women Health. 1984 Summer-Fall;9(2-3):103-15. doi: 10.1300/J013v09n02_07.
Cigarette smoking rates among teenage females have risen progressively since 1968 until surpassing teenage males in 1979. Psychosocial factors underlying the initiation of smoking include peer pressure, adult role modeling and prosmoking messages in advertising, with smoking potentially representing a desired set of personality characteristics. Regular smoking leads to the development of a dependence process, with cessation often difficult to achieve and maintain. Preventing smoking onset is a responsibility of health professionals and educators. Social psychological approaches teaching social skills and techniques for resisting smoking have been effective in reducing rates of initiation in JHS experimental programs.
自1968年以来，青少年女性的吸烟率持续上升，于1979年超过了青少年男性。开始吸烟背后的社会心理因素包括同伴压力、成人榜样以及广告中的吸烟宣传信息，吸烟可能代表着一系列理想的人格特征。经常吸烟会导致成瘾过程的发展，戒烟往往难以实现和维持。预防吸烟开始是健康专业人员和教育工作者的责任。在初中实验项目中，教授社交技能和抵制吸烟技巧的社会心理方法在降低开始吸烟率方面已取得成效。
