Reid L M, Leav I, Kwan P W, Russell P, Merk F B
Cancer Res. 1984 Oct;44(10):4560-73.
We have established a transplantable tumor line, R198, derived from a papillary (transitional cell) carcinoma of the human urinary bladder. In nude mice, the tumor line exhibits properties attributable to both prostatic and transitional epithelia. In tumor-bearing animals given androgens, the neoplasm has a rapid growth rate, possesses low levels of measurable androgen receptors, produces tartrate-inhibitable acid phosphatase, and forms well-encapsulated, cystic tumors composed of transitional, glandular, and squamous cells. The administration of estrogens or transplantation of the tumor into female mice causes regression of the tumor. In a small percentage of the transplants placed into females or estrogenized animals, selection occurs for tumor cells which can grow under these conditions. The resulting tumors are infiltrating scirrhous carcinomas that closely resemble squamous cell carcinomas of the urinary bladder. These neoplasms grow slowly and do not possess androgen receptors or secretory material. They are composed of a homogeneous population of squamous cells which are locally invasive. The paradox of a bladder tumor with some prostatic characteristics may be explained by the fact that the tumor was derived from the trigone region of the bladder, which embryologically is formed by an admixture of tissue from the wolffian duct and the urogenital sinus. Some trigone-derived neoplasms have characteristics of both bladder and prostate. We hypothesize that sex steroid-sensitive R198, with characteristics of both bladder transitional cells and prostatic epithelia, is a tumor which phenotypically expresses the embryological origins of these tissues. As such, the tumor line will serve as a useful model for studying sex steroid-responsive cells of the urogenital epithelium.
我们建立了一种可移植的肿瘤细胞系R198，它源自人膀胱乳头状（移行细胞）癌。在裸鼠中，该肿瘤细胞系表现出同时具有前列腺上皮和移行上皮的特性。在给予雄激素的荷瘤动物中，肿瘤生长迅速，可测量的雄激素受体水平较低，产生酒石酸抑制性酸性磷酸酶，并形成由移行、腺和鳞状细胞组成的包膜良好的囊性肿瘤。给予雌激素或将肿瘤移植到雌性小鼠中会导致肿瘤消退。在移植到雌性或雌激素处理动物体内的一小部分肿瘤中，会选择出能够在这些条件下生长的肿瘤细胞。由此产生的肿瘤是浸润性硬癌，与膀胱鳞状细胞癌非常相似。这些肿瘤生长缓慢，不具有雄激素受体或分泌物质。它们由均匀的鳞状细胞群体组成，具有局部浸润性。具有一些前列腺特征的膀胱肿瘤的矛盾现象可以通过以下事实来解释：该肿瘤源自膀胱三角区，在胚胎学上，膀胱三角区是由中肾管和泌尿生殖窦的组织混合形成的。一些源自三角区的肿瘤同时具有膀胱和前列腺的特征。我们假设对性类固醇敏感的R198，具有膀胱移行细胞和前列腺上皮的特征，是一种在表型上表达这些组织胚胎起源的肿瘤。因此，该肿瘤细胞系将作为研究泌尿生殖上皮性类固醇反应性细胞的有用模型。
