心血管控制中的中枢肾上腺素能受体和胆碱能受体。

Central adrenoceptors and cholinoceptors in cardiovascular control.

Bhargava K P, Jain I P, Saxena A K, Sinha J N, Tangri K K

Br J Pharmacol. 1978 May;63(1):7-15. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1978.tb07768.x.

Abstract

In cats anaesthetized with chloralose, adrenoceptor and cholinoceptor agonists and antagonists were localized to the posterior hypothalamus (PH), lateral medullary pressor area (LMPA) and spinal autonomic loci to delineate the role of central cholinoceptors and adrenoceptors in cardiovascular control. 2 All along the neuroaxis, the alpha-adrenoceptors seem to subserve an inhibitory and the beta-adrenoceptors a facilitatory role in cardiovascular control. There appear to be a predominance of alpha-adrenoceptors at the medullary level and beta-adrenoceptors at the hypothalamic level. 3 The nicotinic cholinoceptors at the hypothalamic, medullary and spinal levels were facilitatory, whereas muscarinic cholinoceptors were inhibitory for cardiovascular control. However, muscarinic receptors were undetectable at the posterior hypothalamus. 4 The central cardiovascular effects of nicotine are attributed to nicotinic receptor activation and release of central catecholamines. 5 There appears to be a relationship between central cholinergic and adrenergic mechanisms in cardiovascular control.

摘要

在用氯醛糖麻醉的猫中，将肾上腺素能受体和胆碱能受体激动剂及拮抗剂定位于下丘脑后部（PH）、延髓外侧加压区（LMPA）和脊髓自主神经位点，以阐明中枢胆碱能受体和肾上腺素能受体在心血管控制中的作用。2. 在整个神经轴上，α-肾上腺素能受体在心血管控制中似乎起抑制作用，而β-肾上腺素能受体起促进作用。在延髓水平似乎以α-肾上腺素能受体为主，而在下丘脑水平以β-肾上腺素能受体为主。3. 下丘脑、延髓和脊髓水平的烟碱型胆碱能受体具有促进作用，而毒蕈碱型胆碱能受体对心血管控制具有抑制作用。然而，在下丘脑后部未检测到毒蕈碱受体。4. 尼古丁对心血管的中枢作用归因于烟碱受体激活和中枢儿茶酚胺的释放。5. 在心血管控制中，中枢胆碱能和肾上腺素能机制之间似乎存在关联。