Trenholm H L, Hamilton R M, Friend D W, Thompson B K, Hartin K E
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1984 Sep 1;185(5):527-31.
Nutritional and toxicologic feeding trials with 3 species of farm animals demonstrated that decreased feed consumption and reduced weight gains in pigs are the main effects of ingestion of a diet with low vomitoxin (deoxynivalenol; DON) content, eg, 2 mg of DON/kg of feed, ie, 2 ppm. The feeding trials indicated that swine can ingest up to 2 mg of DON/kg of feed without serious adverse effects. Poultry can tolerate at least 5 mg of DON/kg feed. In fact, at concentrations up to 5 mg of DON/kg feed, some beneficial effects on poultry were observed. In dairy cattle, feed consumption decreased slightly when a wheat-oats diet containing 6 mg of DON/kg was fed at the rate of 1% of body weight/day, with hay offered ad libitum. In surveys of Canadian grains carried out during the past 3 years, the DON content (maximum of 8.5 mg/kg) in eastern Canadian wheats probably was not high enough to account for reports of feed refusal, vomiting, and reproductive problems in livestock operations. This conclusion is based partly on the fact that even at the highest concentrations of DON found in wheat, formulated diets comprise, at maximum, about 70% to 80% wheat. Consequently, the actual DON content of diets fed to farm animals would be much lower.
对3种家畜进行的营养和毒理学饲养试验表明，猪采食量下降和体重增加减少是摄入呕吐毒素（脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇；DON）含量低的日粮（如每千克饲料含2毫克DON，即2 ppm）的主要影响。饲养试验表明，猪每千克饲料可摄入高达2毫克DON而无严重不良反应。家禽可耐受至少每千克饲料5毫克DON。事实上，在每千克饲料含DON浓度高达5毫克时，观察到对家禽有一些有益影响。在奶牛中，当以体重的1%/天的比例投喂含每千克6毫克DON的小麦-燕麦日粮并随意提供干草时，采食量略有下降。在过去3年对加拿大谷物的调查中，加拿大东部小麦中的DON含量（最高8.5毫克/千克）可能不足以解释畜牧场中饲料拒食、呕吐和繁殖问题的报告。这一结论部分基于这样一个事实，即即使在小麦中发现的DON浓度最高时，配制日粮中最多也只含有约70%至80%的小麦。因此，投喂给家畜的日粮中实际DON含量会低得多。
