Trenholm H L, Thompson B K, Hartin K E, Greenhalgh R, McAllister A J
J Dairy Sci. 1985 Apr;68(4):1000-5. doi: 10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(85)80921-8.
Our objective was to determine if there were serious deleterious effects of wheat naturally contaminated with vomitoxin (deoxynivalenol) on nonlactating dairy cows. Comparisons were between two Quebec spring wheat sources contaminated with Fusarium graminearum in a feeding trial involving 10 nonlactating Holstein dairy cattle offered good quality hay for ad libitum intake supplemented with wheat-oats concentrate (1 kg concentrate/100 kg body weight). Initially, for 3 wk all cows were fed hay plus wheat-oats containing 1.5 mg vomitoxin/kg. Each week thereafter two more cows, chosen at random, were switched to a second wheat-oats concentrate containing higher mycotoxin concentration (6.4 mg vomitoxin/kg). After the last two cows had been on the latter diet for 6 wk, all cows were returned to the previous wheat-oats concentrate containing the lower mycotoxin concentration (1.5 mg vomitoxin/kg). No unusual symptoms of illness that might be attributed to the mycotoxin-contaminated wheat were observed. In body weight gains, the data reflected a linear growth pattern with no apparent effect of changing from low to high vomitoxin content in the concentrate. Generally, consumption of the wheat-oats ration containing 6.4 mg vomitoxin/kg was lower than the 1.5 mg vomitoxin/kg concentrate. The progressive, linear decrease of hay consumption was not affected by source of contaminated wheat-oats diet.
我们的目标是确定天然受呕吐毒素（脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇）污染的小麦对非泌乳期奶牛是否有严重的有害影响。在一项饲养试验中，对来自魁北克的两种受禾谷镰刀菌污染的春小麦来源进行了比较，试验涉及10头非泌乳期荷斯坦奶牛，为它们提供优质干草以供自由采食，并补充小麦 - 燕麦浓缩饲料（1千克浓缩饲料/100千克体重）。最初，在3周内，所有奶牛都喂食含有1.5毫克呕吐毒素/千克的干草加小麦 - 燕麦。此后每周随机挑选另外两头奶牛，将其换成含有更高霉菌毒素浓度（6.4毫克呕吐毒素/千克）的第二种小麦 - 燕麦浓缩饲料。在最后两头奶牛食用后一种饲料6周后，所有奶牛都换回之前含有较低霉菌毒素浓度（1.5毫克呕吐毒素/千克）的小麦 - 燕麦浓缩饲料。未观察到可能归因于受霉菌毒素污染小麦的异常疾病症状。在体重增加方面，数据反映出一种线性增长模式，浓缩饲料中呕吐毒素含量从低到高的变化没有明显影响。一般来说，食用含有6.4毫克呕吐毒素/千克的小麦 - 燕麦日粮的量低于含有1.5毫克呕吐毒素/千克的浓缩饲料。干草消耗量的逐渐线性下降不受受污染小麦 - 燕麦日粮来源的影响。
