Esfahani M, Scerbo L, Devlin T M
J Cell Biochem. 1984;25(2):87-97. doi: 10.1002/jcb.240250204.
The lipid requirements of a human macrophagelike cell line were studied. The cells grew only about one generation in a medium supplemented with delipidated serum; during the growth the cholesterol content of the cells was depleted. Growth was restored by including in the medium serum lipids subjected to alkaline hydrolysis or cholesterol. The extent of growth was dependent on cholesterol concentration. No growth was obtained with 5-cholestene, 5-cholesten-3-one, cholesteryl chloride, coprostanol, beta-sitosterol, or stigmasterol. Very limited growth occurred with cholesterol methylether, epicholesterol, or beta-cholestanol. Therefore, for optimal growth of these cells there is a stringent requirement for the structural features of cholesterol, which include a 3-beta OH group, a delta 5-double bond, a trans ring A/B configuration, and freedom of the side chain from bulky groups. This stringency far exceeds what was previously reported for other cells. Of the six sterols that failed to support growth at all, five were incorporated into cells moderately to extensively. This suggests that assembly of a functional membrane is impaired when these sterols are used as substrates for growth.
对一种人巨噬细胞样细胞系的脂质需求进行了研究。在添加了脱脂血清的培养基中，细胞仅生长约一代；在生长过程中，细胞的胆固醇含量减少。通过在培养基中加入经过碱性水解的血清脂质或胆固醇，生长得以恢复。生长程度取决于胆固醇浓度。使用5-胆甾烯、5-胆甾烯-3-酮、胆固醇氯、粪甾烷醇、β-谷甾醇或豆甾醇均未实现生长。使用胆固醇甲醚、表胆固醇或β-胆甾烷醇时生长非常有限。因此，对于这些细胞的最佳生长，对胆固醇的结构特征有严格要求，这些特征包括3-β-OH基团、δ5-双键、反式A/B环构型以及侧链无庞大基团。这种严格程度远远超过了先前针对其他细胞的报道。在完全不能支持生长的六种甾醇中，有五种被中等程度到广泛程度地掺入细胞中。这表明当这些甾醇用作生长底物时，功能性膜的组装会受到损害。
