Guesnet P, Demarne Y, Pihet A
Reprod Nutr Dev (1980). 1984;24(4):387-403.
The use of hydrogenated coconut oil as a putative substance for correcting an excess of unsaturated fatty acids in reserve lipids was tested in growing rats. Young rats with a live weight of about 70 g were given diet A including 4% of sunflower oil which very rapidly created a triglyceride store containing 25 to 30% of linoleic acid (18:2 n-6). At different weights (200, 300 and 350 g), diet A was replaced by diet B containing 15% of hydrogenated coconut oil so that there was the same number of animals in each group. All the rats were killed at 400 g, and diet-A and B were compared as to final fatty acid composition of body lipids (i.e. values taken all during growth from 70 to 400 g). Hydrogenated coconut oil was a very effective substance for rapidly decreasing levels of reserve lipid linoleic acid and for increasing triglyceride melting-point. The impact on the decrease in total unsaturated fatty acid concentrations was more marked the earlier the diet was replaced. However, the latest replacements (at 300 and 350 g) still permitted 70 and 50%, respectively, of the maximal effect observed in rats eating diet B from 70 g. The present experiment shows that when coconut oil was introduced in the diet over a period corresponding to the last one-eight of total body growth in rat, the final concentrations of unsaturated fatty acids could still be considerably reduced, particularly that of linoleic acid. In the same way, there was increasing esterification of myristic acid (14:0), and especially of lauric acid (12:0), which appeared preferentially in sn-1 and sn-3 positions in triglycerides. This esterification of medium-chain fatty acids led to a modification in the mode of other fatty acid distribution. Analysis of liver phospholipids showed that when diet A was replaced above 200 g by diet B, there was no biochemical evidence of any deficiency of essential fatty acids of the n-6 series.
在生长中的大鼠身上测试了使用氢化椰子油作为一种假定物质来纠正储备脂质中不饱和脂肪酸过量的情况。体重约70克的幼鼠被给予含有4%向日葵油的A组饮食，这很快就形成了一种甘油三酯储存，其中含有25%至30%的亚油酸（18:2 n-6）。在不同体重（200、300和350克）时，将A组饮食替换为含有15%氢化椰子油的B组饮食，以使每组中的动物数量相同。所有大鼠在体重达到400克时被处死，并比较A组和B组饮食在身体脂质最终脂肪酸组成方面的差异（即从70克到400克生长期间的所有取值）。氢化椰子油是一种非常有效的物质，可迅速降低储备脂质中亚油酸的水平并提高甘油三酯的熔点。饮食替换得越早，对总不饱和脂肪酸浓度降低的影响就越明显。然而，最晚的替换（在300克和350克时）仍分别允许达到从70克开始食用B组饮食的大鼠中观察到的最大效果的70%和50%。本实验表明，当在大鼠全身生长的最后八分之一时间段内将椰子油引入饮食中时，不饱和脂肪酸的最终浓度仍可大幅降低，尤其是亚油酸的浓度。同样，肉豆蔻酸（14:0），尤其是月桂酸（12:0）的酯化增加，它们优先出现在甘油三酯的sn-1和sn-3位置。中链脂肪酸的这种酯化导致了其他脂肪酸分布模式的改变。肝脏磷脂分析表明，当在200克以上将A组饮食替换为B组饮食时，没有生化证据表明n-6系列必需脂肪酸存在任何缺乏。
