Fehily A M, Phillips K M, Yarnell J W
Am J Clin Nutr. 1984 Oct;40(4):827-33. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/40.4.827.
Associations between smoking habit, social class, body mass index, and diet were examined in 493 men aged 45 to 59 yr, selected from the general population and who had completed a 7-day weighed dietary record. Smokers were lighter than nonsmokers and had a lower body mass index. There was no difference in energy intake, but in general, smokers had lower intakes of vitamins, minerals, and dietary fiber. Exsmokers had similar intakes to nonsmokers. Manual workers tended to be shorter, had a higher body mass index, higher intakes of energy and carbohydrates, and lower intakes of vitamins and minerals than nonmanual workers. Social class had a greater effect than smoking habit on intakes of energy and carbohydrates, whereas smoking habit had the greater effect on intakes of minerals and vitamins. Body mass index was associated negatively with sucrose intake and positively with protein intake, smoking habit, and social class being less important determinants.
对从普通人群中选取的493名年龄在45至59岁之间且已完成7天称重饮食记录的男性，研究了吸烟习惯、社会阶层、体重指数和饮食之间的关联。吸烟者比不吸烟者体重轻，体重指数也较低。能量摄入没有差异，但总体而言，吸烟者的维生素、矿物质和膳食纤维摄入量较低。戒烟者的摄入量与不吸烟者相似。体力劳动者往往比非体力劳动者更矮，体重指数更高，能量和碳水化合物摄入量更高，而维生素和矿物质摄入量更低。社会阶层对能量和碳水化合物摄入量的影响比吸烟习惯更大，而吸烟习惯对矿物质和维生素摄入量的影响更大。体重指数与蔗糖摄入量呈负相关，与蛋白质摄入量、吸烟习惯呈正相关，社会阶层是不太重要的决定因素。
