Crossland N O
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 1984 Oct;8(5):482-95. doi: 10.1016/0147-6513(84)90068-x.
Methyl parathion (MEP) applied to three outdoor ponds at a nominal concentration of 100 micrograms liter-1 was toxic to some species of aquatic insects and crustaceans but not to fish. The spectrum of toxicity was similar to predictions based on a literature survey of data obtained from laboratory tests. Various secondary effects occurred that could not be predicted from laboratory toxicity tests. An increase in populations of Diaptomus in treated ponds was probably caused by mortality of predators and competitors. A bloom of filamentous algae which then collapsed, leading to severe depletion of dissolved oxygen and fish deaths, may have been triggered by mortality of herbivorous mayflies and daphnids. The growth of juvenile rainbow trout in treated ponds was significantly less than in untreated ponds. On the other hand their growth in laboratory aquaria was not affected when rainbow trout were exposed to higher concentrations of MEP than occurred in the outdoor ponds. It was concluded that growth of rainbow trout in the ponds was probably affected by mortality among aquatic insects and crustaceans on which they feed.
以100微克/升的标称浓度施用于三个室外池塘的甲基对硫磷（MEP）对某些水生昆虫和甲壳类动物有毒，但对鱼类无毒。毒性谱与基于实验室测试数据的文献调查预测相似。出现了各种无法从实验室毒性测试中预测的次生效应。处理过的池塘中镖水蚤种群的增加可能是由捕食者和竞争者的死亡造成的。丝状藻类大量繁殖，随后崩溃，导致溶解氧严重耗尽和鱼类死亡，这可能是由草食性蜉蝣和水蚤的死亡引发的。处理过的池塘中虹鳟幼鱼的生长明显低于未处理的池塘。另一方面，当虹鳟暴露于比室外池塘中更高浓度的MEP时，它们在实验室水族箱中的生长并未受到影响。得出的结论是，池塘中虹鳟的生长可能受到它们所捕食的水生昆虫和甲壳类动物死亡的影响。
