Gaebel W, Pietzcker A
Eur Arch Psychiatry Neurol Sci. 1984;234(3):189-97. doi: 10.1007/BF00461560.
In a prospectively designed study of the course of illness of 161 hospitalized psychiatric patients, data regarding outcome could be obtained for 93% 1 year after clinic discharge. It was possible to reexamine 67% of the patients by means of direct interviews. No significant differences appeared in the comparison of the course of illness outcomes (symptoms, rehospitalization, occupation and social contacts) of patients with schizophrenic psychoses, affective psychoses, neuroses or a group of mixed other diagnoses (predominantly alcohol dependency). For the group of neuroses there was a particularly striking discrepancy between the self- and the observer-ratings at the time of discharge from inpatient index-treatment. From this finding and from the comparatively more intense prominence of depressive symptoms at the time of follow-up, one can presume that there has been insufficient after-care treatment of this patient group considering the recorded treatment data. This seems to hold true for the group of alcohol dependents as well. In contrast, the after-care treatment of patients with affective and schizophrenic psychoses seems more likely to be ensured today. Despite this, however, for the latter the close link between the rate of relapse and the rate of rehospitalization can apparently scarcely be influenced.
在一项针对161名住院精神科患者病程的前瞻性设计研究中，出院1年后，93%的患者可获取结局数据。通过直接访谈对67%的患者进行复查成为可能。在比较精神分裂症性精神病、情感性精神病、神经症或一组混合的其他诊断（主要是酒精依赖）患者的疾病病程结局（症状、再次住院、职业和社会交往）时，未发现显著差异。对于神经症患者组，在从住院索引治疗出院时，自我评定与观察者评定之间存在特别显著的差异。从这一发现以及随访时抑郁症状相对更突出的情况来看，考虑到所记录的治疗数据，可以推测该患者组的后续治疗不足。这似乎也适用于酒精依赖患者组。相比之下，如今情感性和精神分裂症性精神病患者的后续治疗似乎更有可能得到保障。尽管如此，对于后者，复发率和再次住院率之间的紧密联系显然几乎无法得到改善。
