Lahti A, Maibach H I
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1984 Nov;76(2):219-24. doi: 10.1016/0041-008x(84)90002-4.
The suitability of the guinea pig for studies on nonimmunologic contact urticaria (NICU) was investigated. Groups of five, female Hartley guinea pigs were challenged by applying 50 microliters of various concentrations of human NICU agents, benzoic acid (BA), sorbic acid (SA), cinnamic acid (CA), cinnamaldehyde (CAL), methyl nicotinate (MN) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), in absolute ethyl alcohol to both sides of the earlobe. The thickness of the ear (0.85 +/- 0.11 mm, means +/- SD, 100 animals) was measured with a string micrometer before application and at 5- to 30-min intervals thereafter. Maximal increase in ear thickness was produced within 30 to 40 min by 20% BA (0.70 +/- 0.09 mm), 10% SA (0.30 +/- 0.05 mm), 15% CA (0.58 +/- 0.12 mm), 5.0% CAL (0.37 +/- 0.09 mm), 0.2% MN (0.80 +/- 0.03 mm), and 100% DMSO (0.74 +/- 0.11 mm). All responses were dose dependent. The histology of the maximal reactions showed dermal edema, and intra- and perivascular infiltrate of heterophils (neutrophils in man), eosinophils, and some lymphocytes. DMSO also caused vacuolization of the epidermal cells. CAL, MN, and DMSO, applied to different parts of the guinea pig body, produced only erythema most frequently on the upper back, but BA, SA, and CA did not cause any reactions. The guinea pig ear-swelling test provides a quantitative animal model to screen human NICU agents.
对豚鼠用于非免疫性接触性荨麻疹（NICU）研究的适用性进行了调查。将五组雌性Hartley豚鼠，每组五只，通过在每侧耳垂涂抹50微升不同浓度的人类NICU介质（苯甲酸（BA）、山梨酸（SA）、肉桂酸（CA）、肉桂醛（CAL）、烟酸甲酯（MN）和二甲基亚砜（DMSO））于无水乙醇中进行激发。在涂抹前以及之后每隔5至30分钟，用丝线测微计测量耳部厚度（100只动物，平均值±标准差为0.85±0.11毫米）。20%的BA（0.70±0.09毫米）、10%的SA（0.30±0.05毫米）、15%的CA（0.58±0.12毫米）、5.0%的CAL（0.37±0.09毫米）、0.2%的MN（0.80±0.03毫米）和100%的DMSO（0.74±0.11毫米）在30至40分钟内使耳部厚度达到最大增加。所有反应均呈剂量依赖性。最大反应的组织学表现为真皮水肿，以及嗜异性粒细胞（人类中的中性粒细胞）、嗜酸性粒细胞和一些淋巴细胞的血管内及血管周围浸润。DMSO还导致表皮细胞空泡化。将CAL、MN和DMSO涂抹于豚鼠身体的不同部位，最常在上背部产生仅为红斑的反应，但BA、SA和CA未引起任何反应。豚鼠耳部肿胀试验提供了一种用于筛选人类NICU介质的定量动物模型。
