Winkler P, Loch H, Vogel C
Folia Primatol (Basel). 1984;43(1):1-23. doi: 10.1159/000156167.
Longitudinal data of reproductive parameters from two langur troops (Presbytis entellus) at Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India, are presented. Females can reach menarche at approximately 29 months of age and conceive about 5 months later. Gestation length is about 200 days, average cycling length is 24 days, and mean interbirth interval 15.3 months. Postpartum amenorrhea, which ranges from 80-140 days will be reduced to 23-80 days in cases of stillbirths or early losses of infants, a fact that bears consequences in regard to the discussion of infanticide and reproductive advantage. Troop development showed distinct differences in two neighboring troops, especially in number of surviving female infants until sexual maturity. Both troops taken together, 77.9% of the newborns reached the infant-II stage (6 months), 59.3% survived until their mother's next infant (average, calculated for the mean birth interval of 15.3 months), and only 35.9% completed the 2nd year of life.
本文呈现了来自印度拉贾斯坦邦焦特布尔的两支叶猴种群（长尾叶猴）的生殖参数纵向数据。雌性叶猴约在29个月大时初潮，约5个月后受孕。妊娠期约200天，平均周期长度为24天，平均产仔间隔为15.3个月。产后闭经时长在80 - 140天之间，若出现死产或婴儿早期夭折的情况，产后闭经时长会减至23 - 80天，这一事实对于杀婴行为及生殖优势的讨论具有重要意义。两个相邻种群在种群发展方面呈现出明显差异，尤其是存活至性成熟的雌性幼崽数量。综合两个种群来看，77.9%的新生儿达到婴儿二期（6个月），59.3%存活至其母亲产下下一胎（按平均产仔间隔15.3个月计算），仅有35.9%活到两岁。
