Curtin R A
Folia Primatol (Basel). 1982;37(3-4):216-27. doi: 10.1159/000156034.
During the course of an ongoing investigation of the effects of mother-infant separation on development in gray langur monkeys (Presbytis entellus), a series of 4 mothers of approximately 6-month-old infants were removed from their social groups and placed in a captive all-male group for 2-week periods. The male group contained 3 sexually mature animals and 1 juvenile and was within the range of variation observed in the wild. One of the introduced females came into estrus while with the male group. Agonistic behavior among the males increased during her introduction, but was resolved through dominance. There was no fighting and little threat. Agonistic behavior did not increase during the introductions of the other 3 females. These results are discussed and it is proposed that dominance can allow the survival of multi-male troops among gray langurs where (1) low population densities allow the formation of hierarchies, and (2) existing hierarchies are not disrupted by the simultaneous presence of several estrous females. It is predicted that these conditions will best be met where troop sizes are moderate and mating is not sharply seasonal.
在对母婴分离对豚尾叶猴（食叶猴）发育影响的一项正在进行的调查过程中，4只带着约6个月大幼崽的母猴被从它们的社会群体中移出，并被安置在一个圈养的全雄性群体中，为期两周。雄性群体中有3只性成熟动物和1只幼年动物，处于在野外观察到的变异范围内。其中一只被引入的雌性在与雄性群体在一起时进入发情期。在它被引入期间，雄性之间的攻击行为增加，但通过优势地位得以解决。没有打斗，威胁也很小。在另外3只雌性被引入期间，攻击行为没有增加。对这些结果进行了讨论，并提出优势地位可以使豚尾叶猴中的多雄性群体得以生存，条件是：（1）低种群密度允许等级制度的形成，以及（2）现有的等级制度不会因几只发情雌性的同时出现而受到干扰。据预测，在群体规模适中且交配没有明显季节性的情况下，这些条件将得到最佳满足。
