Harris J
J Med Ethics. 1984 Sep;10(3):155-7. doi: 10.1136/jme.10.3.155.
This paper discusses some common misconceptions of what a utilitarian approach to medical ethics is and of the conclusions it forces upon those disposed to accept such an approach. It suggests that broad and unargued characterisations of approaches to moral questions as 'utilitarian', 'Hippocratic' or whatever are likely to be misleading and counterproductive. What matters is not what to call the position that people feel inclined to accept but rather what arguments there are in its favour and what arguments there are against it.
本文探讨了对于功利主义医学伦理方法是什么以及它迫使那些倾向于接受这种方法的人得出何种结论的一些常见误解。它表明,将道德问题的处理方法宽泛且未经论证地描述为“功利主义”、“希波克拉底式”或其他任何方式,很可能会产生误导且适得其反。重要的不是给人们倾向于接受的立场贴上什么标签,而是支持它和反对它的论据分别是什么。