Ruuskanen O, Salmi T T, Halonen P
J Pediatr. 1978 Jul;93(1):43-6. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(78)80597-6.
When an extensive measles epidemic broke out in Turku in late 1975, the availability of a previous study on measles vaccination reactions in 442 children permitted a comparative evaluation to be made on reactions to and the efficacy of measles vaccine (Schwartz strain) administered after exposure to natural measles. In a preliminary study, nine children were vaccinated one to 14 days after exposure to natural measles but before prodromal symptoms appeared. Only one of these nine children developed symptoms and signs comparable to those of the natural disease. In five day-care centers the children were vaccinated when five or more children out of 30 to 40 at each center had measles. In only five of 74 exposed children were the signs and symptoms comparable to those of natural measles. No marked differences in signs and symptoms after the vaccinations were observed between the exposed and nonexposed children. It is concluded that vaccination is safe, can usually prevent measles, even when administered after a prolonged interval following exposure to natural disease, and can usually control an epidemic in progress.
1975年末图尔库爆发大规模麻疹疫情时，此前一项针对442名儿童麻疹疫苗接种反应的研究，使得人们能够对接触自然麻疹后接种麻疹疫苗（施瓦茨株）的反应及效力进行比较评估。在一项初步研究中，9名儿童在接触自然麻疹后1至14天、前驱症状出现前接种了疫苗。这9名儿童中只有1名出现了与自然疾病相当的症状和体征。在5个日托中心，当每个中心30至40名儿童中有5名或更多儿童患麻疹时，对儿童进行了疫苗接种。74名接触过麻疹的儿童中只有5名出现了与自然麻疹相当的体征和症状。接种疫苗后，接触过麻疹的儿童和未接触过麻疹的儿童在体征和症状方面未观察到明显差异。得出的结论是，接种疫苗是安全的，即使在接触自然疾病较长时间后接种，通常也能预防麻疹，并且通常能够控制正在发生的疫情。
