Williams D E
Am J Optom Physiol Opt. 1984 Sep;61(9):576-85. doi: 10.1097/00006324-198409000-00007.
Twenty-one chronic alcoholics and 15 patients on tuberculostatic therapy were examined on repeated occasions using flash electroretinography (ERG), flash and pattern visual evoked responses (VER), visual fields, and flicker fusion thresholds. For both groups of visually symptomless patients, there is evidence of retinal abnormalities although more abnormal results are seen for the VER's. The results indicate that the mode of action of alcohol and tobacco differs from that of the tuberculostatic drugs. For ethambutol and possibly isoniazid therapy, the larger changes which are seen in the flash VER's than in the pattern VER's, suggest that these drugs have a generalized effect upon the visual system. On the other hand, the results for the alcoholics indicate that the effect of alcohol and tobacco is more specific for the macular region as the macular thresholds and VER's to the small check and field size are most affected.
对21名慢性酒精中毒者和15名接受抗结核治疗的患者，反复进行了闪光视网膜电图（ERG）、闪光及图形视觉诱发电位（VER）、视野和闪烁融合阈值检查。对于两组无视觉症状的患者，均有视网膜异常的证据，尽管VER的异常结果更多。结果表明，酒精和烟草的作用方式与抗结核药物不同。对于乙胺丁醇以及可能的异烟肼治疗，闪光VER比图形VER出现的更大变化表明，这些药物对视觉系统有普遍影响。另一方面，酒精中毒者的结果表明，酒精和烟草的影响对黄斑区更具特异性，因为黄斑阈值以及对小方格和小视野的VER受影响最大。
