McDonald T J, Cody D T, Ryan R E
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1984 Nov-Dec;93(6 Pt 1):637-40. doi: 10.1177/000348948409300619.
Congenital cholesteatoma of the ear is a capricious and challenging problem for the otologist. We present 21 cases managed at the Mayo Clinic from 1961 to 1983. In all but one unusual case, the cholesteatoma developed behind an intact tympanic membrane and there was no history of aural infections. Preoperative symptoms and signs were predominantly conductive deafness with either a normal tympanic membrane or an opaque, whitish appearance to the drum. Disease was located in the middle ear or in the middle ear and mastoid, except in one patient who had cholesteatoma extending into the petrous apex. Surgical management depended on the extent of the lesion, and recurrences were unusual, suggesting that congenital cholesteatoma may not be as aggressive as acquired cholesteatoma.
耳部先天性胆脂瘤对耳科医生来说是一个变幻莫测且颇具挑战性的问题。我们展示了1961年至1983年在梅奥诊所治疗的21例病例。除了1例不寻常的病例外，在所有病例中，胆脂瘤均在完整鼓膜后形成，且无耳部感染史。术前症状和体征主要为传导性耳聋，鼓膜外观正常或呈不透明的白色。病变位于中耳或中耳及乳突，只有1例患者的胆脂瘤延伸至岩尖。手术治疗取决于病变范围，复发情况并不常见，这表明先天性胆脂瘤可能不像后天性胆脂瘤那样具有侵袭性。
