House J W, Sheehy J L
Laryngoscope. 1980 Jan;90(1):70-6. doi: 10.1288/00005537-198001000-00008.
Aural cholesteatoma may present itself as an unexplained hearing impairment without either perforation or otorrhea and without radiologic evidence of bone destruction. The etiology is probably congenital. In our cholesteatoma cases, 3.7% occur in individuals with an intact tympanic membrane. Most of these patients have had the disease 5 years or less and 50% are under 20 years of age. Complications of the disease are uncommon in this group. All but 1 of our 41 cases were managed with the intact canal wall technique. Most were reexplored (planned second-stage) and residual disease was encountered in 32%. One should keep the possibility of a congentital cholesteatoma in mind wheneger encountering a unilateral serous otitis media or an unexplained unilateral conductive hearing impairment, regardless of the patient's age.
耳胆脂瘤可能表现为无穿孔或耳漏且无骨质破坏影像学证据的不明原因听力障碍。其病因可能是先天性的。在我们的胆脂瘤病例中，3.7%发生于鼓膜完整的个体。这些患者大多数患病时间为5年或更短，50%年龄在20岁以下。该疾病的并发症在这组患者中并不常见。我们41例病例中除1例之外均采用完整外耳道壁技术处理。大多数患者接受了再次探查（计划性二期手术），32%发现有残留病变。无论患者年龄如何，当遇到单侧浆液性中耳炎或不明原因的单侧传导性听力障碍时，都应考虑先天性胆脂瘤的可能性。
