Dore M M, Young T M, Pappenfort D M
Child Welfare. 1984 Nov-Dec;63(6):485-95.
Major findings from this analysis of the data gathered in preparation for the 1966 and 1981 surveys of children's residential group care facilities are as follows below. In the field of residential care of pregnant adolescents, it appears that, despite an increase in the number of births to adolescent mothers since 1966, the preferred mode of serving this population is no longer residential group care. While there has been a small increase (6 facilities) in the number of residential facilities for pregnant adolescents that operate under public auspices, the 49% decrease in facilities under private auspices is the real indicator of the direction of residential services to pregnant adolescents since 1965. In the Child Welfare Stream, the most notable change between 1965 and 1981 was the decrease in the relative proportion of residential group care facilities for dependent, neglected, or abused children and youth. Overall, child welfare facilities accounted for 55% of all residential facilities listed for survey in 1965; in 1981 this percentage had fallen to 37%. As in 1965 the Child Welfare Stream was dominated by the private sector in 1981, with 83% of all child welfare facilities operating under private auspices. This pattern was found for most of the 50 individual states as well. In the Juvenile Justice Stream, the overall increase of 154% in the number of residential facilities since the 1965 listing is due in part to a notable increase in the number of private facilities in this stream of care. Although the majority of juvenile justice facilities are still public, there has been an increase of 17% since 1965 in the proportion of facilities under private auspices. An even greater increase in total number of facilities than was seen in the Juvenile Justice Stream is seen in the mental health field between 1965 and 1981. There were almost four times as many residential mental health facilities listed for survey in 1981 as in 1965. From representing about one-eighth of the total number of all residential group care facilities for children and youth with special problems or needs, the Mental Health Stream increased to a quarter of all such facilities by 1981. As in the earlier study, the Mental Health Stream was dominated by the private sector in 1981. The proportion of mental health facilities under private auspices had increased by 16% since 1965, indicating an even greater involvement of the private sector in the delivery of residential mental health services to children and youth.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
本次对为1966年和1981年儿童寄宿集体照料设施调查所收集数据的分析得出的主要结果如下。在怀孕青少年的寄宿照料领域，尽管自1966年以来青少年母亲生育的数量有所增加，但为这一人群提供服务的首选方式已不再是寄宿集体照料。虽然由公共机构运营的怀孕青少年寄宿设施数量略有增加（6个设施），但自1965年以来，由私人机构运营的设施数量减少了49%，这才是为怀孕青少年提供寄宿服务方向的真正指标。在儿童福利领域，1965年至1981年间最显著的变化是，为受抚养、被忽视或受虐待的儿童和青少年提供的寄宿集体照料设施的相对比例有所下降。总体而言，儿童福利设施在1965年列出的所有接受调查的寄宿设施中占55%；1981年这一比例降至37%。与1965年一样，1981年儿童福利领域仍由私营部门主导，所有儿童福利设施中有83%是由私人机构运营的。在50个州中的大多数州也发现了这种模式。在青少年司法领域，自1965年列出设施数量以来，寄宿设施数量总体增加了154%，部分原因是这一照料领域的私人设施数量显著增加。虽然大多数青少年司法设施仍然是公共的，但自1965年以来，由私人机构运营的设施比例增加了17%。1965年至1981年间，心理健康领域的设施总数增长幅度甚至比青少年司法领域更大。1981年列出接受调查的寄宿心理健康设施数量几乎是1965年的四倍。心理健康领域从占所有有特殊问题或需求的儿童和青少年寄宿集体照料设施总数的约八分之一，到1981年增加到此类设施总数的四分之一。与早期研究一样，1981年心理健康领域仍由私营部门主导。自1965年以来，由私人机构运营的心理健康设施比例增加了16%，这表明私营部门在为儿童和青少年提供寄宿心理健康服务方面的参与度更高。（摘要截选至400字）
