Sowa C J, Lustman P J
J Clin Psychol. 1984 Nov;40(6):1334-7. doi: 10.1002/1097-4679(198411)40:6<1334::aid-jclp2270400609>3.0.co;2-8.
Assessed gender differences in the ratings of stressful events, depression, and cognitive distortion. Responses of 70 males and 70 females (N = 140) to the Life Stress Questionnaire, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Automatic Thought Questionnaire were studied. Statistical analyses revealed significant differences between sexes on all dependent measures. Men reported experiencing more stressful life change. However, women rated the impact of stressors more severely. Women had higher depression ratings, and men exhibited greater distortions in cognitive content. It is proposed that cognitive distortion may insulate men from depressive moods. Research on coping mechanisms used by men and women in dealing with similar stressful life events may be helpful in clarifying the relationship among gender, stress, and depression.
评估了压力事件、抑郁和认知扭曲评分中的性别差异。研究了70名男性和70名女性（N = 140）对生活压力问卷、贝克抑郁量表和自动思维问卷的反应。统计分析显示，在所有因变量测量上两性之间存在显著差异。男性报告经历了更多压力大的生活变化。然而，女性对压力源影响的评分更严重。女性的抑郁评分更高，而男性在认知内容上表现出更大的扭曲。有人提出，认知扭曲可能使男性免受抑郁情绪的影响。研究男性和女性在应对类似压力生活事件时使用的应对机制，可能有助于阐明性别、压力和抑郁之间的关系。
