Tamkin A S, Jacobsen R
J Clin Psychol. 1984 Nov;40(6):1459-63. doi: 10.1002/1097-4679(198411)40:6<1459::aid-jclp2270400633>3.0.co;2-3.
Explored the effects of age, education, and IQ on Hooper Visual Organization Test (VOT) scores and age-related norms for psychiatric patients. Ss were 211 male, veteran, psychiatric inpatients, grouped into six age decades, who were administered routinely the VOT and Shipley Institute of Living Scale plus other tests upon admission. Analyzing the relation between age decade and VOT, a one-way analysis of variance produced an F significant at the .001 level. An intercorrelation matrix for all the study variables disclosed that age, IQ, and education all were correlated significantly with VOT scores, as well as with each other, except for IQ and age. However, a multiple regression analysis revealed that only age and IQ accounted for significant amounts of the variance in VOT scores. Thus, these results argue for the use of age-related norms as well as norms that correct for IQ.
探讨了年龄、教育程度和智商对胡珀视觉组织测验（VOT）分数的影响以及精神病患者的年龄相关常模。研究对象为211名男性退伍军人精神病住院患者，按年龄分为六个十年组，入院时常规接受VOT、希普利生活量表及其他测试。分析年龄十年组与VOT之间的关系，单向方差分析得出F值在0.001水平上显著。所有研究变量的相互关联矩阵显示，年龄、智商和教育程度均与VOT分数显著相关，且彼此之间也显著相关，但智商与年龄除外。然而，多元回归分析表明，只有年龄和智商在VOT分数的方差中占显著比例。因此，这些结果支持使用年龄相关常模以及校正智商的常模。
